Earl Magsipoc
PhD Candidate
Biography
Earl joined the group in 2017 after graduating from the University of Waterloo with a BASc in Civil Engineering. He completed his MASc with the group in 2019 and is currently working on his PhD. Earl’s research is focused on alternative interpretations of the surface roughness of rock. He is currently investigating the link between surface roughness and the fracture mechanisms as the surface is created.
Publication
Presented at ARMA 2023, Atlanta US. June 2023 titled "The use of digital image correlation (DIC) to investigate the effect of layering and bedding plane orientations on Elastic modulus and Poisson’s ratio measurements of Buckinghorse shale samples"
Course Instructor
Winter Term course instructor for CME262: Engineering Math 2
Award
Received the Queen Elizabeth II/Robert M. Smith Memorial Graduate Scholarship in Science & Technology
Invited Talk
Invited talk on "See the Unseen – High Resolution Imaging of Rock Fractures and the Read Throughs for Cap Rock Integrity" as part of the Geological Controls and Fracture Mechanics - Considerations for the Geological Storage of Carbon Dioxide, Hydrogen, Methane and Compressed Air.
Candidacy
Became a PhD candidate.
Award
Received the Queen Elizabeth II/Paul & Suzanne Price Graduate Scholarship in Science & Technology
Award
Received the Queen Elizabeth II/Margery Sheridan Graduate Scholarship in Science & Technology
Conference Paper
Published a Conference Paper at ARMA | DGS | SEG International Geomechanics Symposium, 3–5 November 2020, titled "Analysis of the Fracture Morphologies from a Laboratory Hydraulic Fracture Experiment on Montney Shale"
Graduation
MASc Graduation
Award
Queen Elizabeth II/Margery Sheridan Graduate Scholarship in Science & Technology
Enrolled
Enrolled as PhD Student (Dual enrolment)
Joined
Joined as a MASc Candidate.
Publications
6575102
Earl Magsipoc
1
apa-5th-edition
50
date
desc
year
title
Magsipoc, E.
534
https://geogroup.utoronto.ca/wp-content/plugins/zotpress/
%7B%22status%22%3A%22success%22%2C%22updateneeded%22%3Afalse%2C%22instance%22%3Afalse%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22request_last%22%3A0%2C%22request_next%22%3A0%2C%22used_cache%22%3Atrue%7D%2C%22data%22%3A%5B%7B%22key%22%3A%22XKL8HB2F%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A6575102%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Abdelaziz%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222023-10-09%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-bib-body%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bline-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%20%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-entry%26quot%3B%26gt%3BAbdelaziz%2C%20A.%2C%20Wu%2C%20P.%20S.-Y.%2C%20Li%2C%20M.%2C%20%26lt%3Bstrong%26gt%3BMagsipoc%2C%20E.%26lt%3B%5C%2Fstrong%26gt%3B%2C%20Peterson%2C%20K.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Grasselli%2C%20G.%20%282023%29.%20Understanding%20shale%20fracture%20network%20complexity%20in%20the%20laboratory.%20In%20W.%20Schubert%20%26amp%3B%20A.%20Kluckner%20%28Eds.%29%2C%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3B15th%20ISRM%20Congress%202023%20%26amp%3B%2072nd%20Geomechanics%20Colloquium%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%20%28pp.%202152%26%23x2013%3B2157%29.%20Presented%20at%20the%2015th%20ISRM%20Congress%202023%20%26amp%3B%2072nd%20Geomechanics%20Colloquium%2C%20Salzburg%2C%20Austria%3A%20Schubert%20%26amp%3B%20Kluckner.%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%5Cn%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22conferencePaper%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Understanding%20shale%20fracture%20network%20complexity%20in%20the%20laboratory%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22editor%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22W.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Schubert%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22editor%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22A.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Kluckner%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Aly%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Abdelaziz%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Phyllis%20Shin-Yu%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Wu%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Mei%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Li%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Earl%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Magsipoc%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Karl%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Peterson%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Giovanni%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Grasselli%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22Hydraulic%20fracturing%20is%20a%20complex%20multi-physics%20process%20that%20involves%20coupling%20of%20fluid%20flow%20and%20rock%20deformation%5C%2Ffracturing.%20Particularly%2C%20the%20propagation%20of%20fluid-driven%20fractures%20is%20a%20competing%20process%20greatly%20influenced%20by%20rock%20fabric%20and%20in-situ%20stress.%20However%2C%20it%20remains%20unclear%20how%20rock%20fabric%20affects%20the%20failure%20mechanisms%20and%20contributes%20to%20the%20resulting%20fracture%20network.%20To%20understand%20this%2C%20an%2080%20mm%20Montney%20shale%20outcrop%20cube%20was%20hydraulically%20fractured%20in%20the%20laboratory%20under%20in-situ%20true%20triaxial%20stress%20conditions.%20The%20fractured%20sample%20was%20then%20digitally%203D%20reconstructed%20by%20merging%20high-resolution%2C%20high-contrast%20serial%20section%20images.%20In-depth%20observation%20of%20the%20digitallyreconstructed%20induced%20fracture-network%20revealed%20the%20formation%20of%20bedding-controlled%20horizontal%20fractures%2C%20opening%20against%20%5Cu03c32%20instead%20of%20the%20theoretically%20expected%20%5Cu03c33.%20This%20suggests%20the%20key%20role%20played%20by%20the%20bedding%20planes%20in%20determining%20the%20trajectory%20of%20the%20fluid-driven%20fracture%20network.%20Enechelon%20fractures%20observed%20near%20the%20injection%20borehole%20are%20convincing%20evidence%20of%20possible%20shear%20failures%20associated%20with%20hydraulic%20fracturing.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%22October%209-14%2C%202023%22%2C%22proceedingsTitle%22%3A%2215th%20ISRM%20Congress%202023%20%26%2072nd%20Geomechanics%20Colloquium%22%2C%22conferenceName%22%3A%2215th%20ISRM%20Congress%202023%20%26%2072nd%20Geomechanics%20Colloquium%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%22%22%2C%22ISBN%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22AV9PRCHG%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222024-03-03T20%3A18%3A19Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%226HP7HUIC%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A6575102%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Abdelaziz%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222023-10-09%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-bib-body%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bline-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%20%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-entry%26quot%3B%26gt%3BAbdelaziz%2C%20A.%2C%20Wu%2C%20P.%20S.-Y.%2C%20Li%2C%20M.%2C%20%26lt%3Bstrong%26gt%3BMagsipoc%2C%20E.%26lt%3B%5C%2Fstrong%26gt%3B%2C%20Peterson%2C%20K.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Grasselli%2C%20G.%20%282023%29.%20Understanding%20Shale%20Fracture%20Network%20Complexity%20in%20the%20Laboratory%20%28Vol.%20All%20Days%2C%20p.%206%29.%20Presented%20at%20the%2015th%20ISRM%20Congress%2C%20ISRM-15CONGRESS-2023-359.%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%5Cn%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22conferencePaper%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Understanding%20Shale%20Fracture%20Network%20Complexity%20in%20the%20Laboratory%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Aly%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Abdelaziz%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Phyllis%20Shin-Yu%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Wu%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Mei%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Li%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Earl%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Magsipoc%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Karl%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Peterson%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Giovanni%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Grasselli%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22Hydraulic%20fracturing%20is%20a%20complex%20multi-physics%20process%20that%20involves%20coupling%20of%20fluid%20flow%20and%20rock%20deformation%5C%2Ffracturing.%20Particularly%2C%20the%20propagation%20of%20fluid-driven%20fractures%20is%20a%20competing%20process%20greatly%20influenced%20by%20rock%20fabric%20and%20in-situ%20stress.%20However%2C%20it%20remains%20unclear%20how%20rock%20fabric%20affects%20the%20failure%20mechanisms%20and%20contributes%20to%20the%20resulting%20fracture%20network.%20To%20understand%20this%2C%20an%2080%20mm%20Montney%20shale%20outcrop%20cube%20was%20hydraulically%20fractured%20in%20the%20laboratory%20under%20in-situ%20true%20triaxial%20stress%20conditions.%20The%20fractured%20sample%20was%20then%20digitally%203D%20reconstructed%20by%20merging%20high-resolution%2C%20high-contrast%20serial%20section%20images.%20In-depth%20observation%20of%20the%20digitally-reconstructed%20induced%20fracture-network%20revealed%20the%20formation%20of%20bedding-controlled%20horizontal%20fractures%2C%20opening%20against%20%5Cu03c32%20instead%20of%20the%20theoretically%20expected%20%5Cu03c33.%20This%20suggests%20the%20key%20role%20played%20by%20the%20bedding%20planes%20in%20determining%20the%20trajectory%20of%20the%20fluid-driven%20fracture%20network.%20En-echelon%20fractures%20observed%20near%20the%20injection%20borehole%20are%20convincing%20evidence%20of%20possible%20shear%20failures%20associated%20with%20hydraulic%20fracturing.Since%20its%20first%20adoption%20as%20%26quot%3BHydrafrac%26quot%3B%20process%20in%201947%20%28Clark%201949%29%2C%20hydraulic%20fracturing%20has%20revolutionized%20oil%20and%20gas%20extraction%20operations%20and%20became%20the%20key%20technology%20that%20has%20allowed%20to%20unlock%20those%20low%20permeability%20resources%20that%20have%20been%20developed%20for%20the%20past%20twenty%20years%20%28Keshavarz%20et%20al.%202018%29.%20Irrespective%20of%20the%20completion%20method%20%28open%20hole%2C%20plug%20and%20perf%2C%20or%20sliding%20sleeve%29%2C%20the%20ultimate%20goal%20for%20hydraulic%20fracturing%20is%20to%20achieve%20an%20optimized%20fracture%20geometry%20that%20maximizes%20the%20stimulated%20rock%20volume%20%28SRV%29%20and%20thus%20enhances%20production.The%20first%20fundamentals%20behind%20hydraulic%20fracturing%20date%20back%20to%20Hubbert%20and%20Willis%201957%2C%20who%20considered%20a%20normal%20faulting%20system%20with%20the%20maximum%20%28%5Cu03c3H%29%20and%20minimum%20horizontal%20%28%5Cu03c3h%29%20stresses%20acting%20perpendicular%20to%20the%20vertical%20wellbore.%20However%2C%20they%20overlooked%20the%20strength%20of%20the%20rock%20mass%20in%20tension%20presuming%20it%20%26quot%3Ba%20notoriously%20undependable%20quantity%26quot%3B%20and%20to%20be%20%26quot%3Breduced%20to%20zero%26quot%3B%20at%20depth%20due%20to%20its%20intersection%20with%20one%20or%20more%20open%20joint%20system.%20Regardless%2C%20the%20conditions%20associated%20with%20their%20work%20was%20very%20constrictive%20and%20most%20analytical%20equations%20thereafter%20consider%20a%20vertical%20hole%20where%20the%20horizontal%20stresses%20acting%20on%20the%20hole%20are%20either%20in%20a%20normal%20fault%20regime%2C%20i.e.%2C%20%5Cu03c3H%20and%20%5Cu03c3h%20act%20perpendicular%20to%20the%20trajectory%20of%20the%20hole%20or%20that%20a%20reverse%5C%2Fthrust%20fault%20regime%20is%20being%20fractured%20where%20%5Cu03c3h%20is%20the%20least%20principal%20stress%20%28%5Cu03c33%29.%20In%20both%20cases%2C%20fracture%20initiation%20and%20propagation%20would%20occur%20perpendicular%20to%20%5Cu03c33%20at%20breakdown%20pressures%20equal%20to%20or%20less%20than%20the%20vertical%20overburden%20pressure%20%28%5Cu03c3v%29.%20The%20fracture%20trajectory%20would%20be%20vertical%20to%20the%20hole%20cross%20section%20in%20the%20normal%20faulting%20regime%20and%20horizontal%20in%20the%20reverse%5C%2Fthrust%20fault%20regime.%20In%20the%20event%20the%20breakdown%20pressure%20is%20greater%20than%20%5Cu03c3v%2C%20the%20pressure%20parting%20phenomenon%20is%20also%20possible.%20This%20phenomenon%20signifies%20rock%20rupture%2C%20i.e.%2C%20failure%20due%20to%20injection%20of%20fluid%20into%20a%20bedding%20plane%2C%20joint%2C%20or%20other%20structural%20weaknesses%20%28Torrey%201951%29.%20This%20phenomenon%20is%20recognized%20in%20well%20acidizing%20operations%20%28Clark%201949%3B%20Torrey%201951%29%20and%20is%20characterized%20by%20a%20fracture%20that%20extends%20rapidly%20and%20for%20considerable%20distance%20away%20from%20the%20injection%20hole.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%22October%2009%202023%22%2C%22proceedingsTitle%22%3A%22%22%2C%22conferenceName%22%3A%2215th%20ISRM%20Congress%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%22%22%2C%22ISBN%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22AV9PRCHG%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222024-03-03T20%3A18%3A19Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22V2NFQTL9%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A6575102%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Magsipoc%20and%20Grasselli%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222023%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-bib-body%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bline-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%20%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-entry%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%26lt%3Bstrong%26gt%3BMagsipoc%2C%20E.%26lt%3B%5C%2Fstrong%26gt%3B%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Grasselli%2C%20G.%20%282023%29.%20A%20local%20surface%20roughness%20mapping%20method%20for%20post-failure%20interpretation%20of%20brittle%20fracture%20propagation.%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3BInternational%20Journal%20of%20Rock%20Mechanics%20and%20Mining%20Sciences%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%2C%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3B172%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B.%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%5Cn%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22A%20local%20surface%20roughness%20mapping%20method%20for%20post-failure%20interpretation%20of%20brittle%20fracture%20propagation%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Earl%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Magsipoc%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Giovanni%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Grasselli%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222023%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1016%5C%2Fj.ijrmms.2023.105593%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%2213651609%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%227KFK25R5%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222024-03-03T20%3A18%3A19Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22U96V86EP%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A6575102%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Abdelaziz%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222023%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-bib-body%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bline-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-entry%26quot%3B%26gt%3BAbdelaziz%2C%20A.%2C%20Ha%2C%20J.%2C%20Li%2C%20M.%2C%20%26lt%3Bstrong%26gt%3BMagsipoc%2C%20E.%26lt%3B%5C%2Fstrong%26gt%3B%2C%20Sun%2C%20L.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Grasselli%2C%20G.%20%282023%29.%20%26lt%3Ba%20class%3D%26%23039%3Bzp-ItemURL%26%23039%3B%20href%3D%26%23039%3Bhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.46690%5C%2Fager.2023.01.07%26%23039%3B%26gt%3BUnderstanding%20hydraulic%20fracture%20mechanisms%3A%20From%20the%20laboratory%20to%20numerical%20modelling%26lt%3B%5C%2Fa%26gt%3B.%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3BAdvances%20in%20Geo-Energy%20Research%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%2C%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3B7%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%281%29%2C%2066%5Cu201368.%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%5Cn%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Understanding%20hydraulic%20fracture%20mechanisms%3A%20From%20the%20laboratory%20to%20numerical%20modelling%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Aly%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Abdelaziz%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Johnson%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Ha%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Mei%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Li%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Earl%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Magsipoc%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Lei%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Sun%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Giovanni%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Grasselli%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222023%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.46690%5C%2Fager.2023.01.07%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%2222079963%202208598X%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.46690%5C%2Fager.2023.01.07%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%227KFK25R5%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222024-03-03T20%3A18%3A18Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22N63RNWMJ%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A6575102%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Li%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222023%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-bib-body%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bline-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-entry%26quot%3B%26gt%3BLi%2C%20M.%2C%20%26lt%3Bstrong%26gt%3BMagsipoc%2C%20E.%26lt%3B%5C%2Fstrong%26gt%3B%2C%20Abdelaziz%2C%20A.%2C%20Ha%2C%20J.%2C%20Peterson%2C%20K.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Grasselli%2C%20G.%20%282023%29.%20%26lt%3Ba%20class%3D%26%23039%3Bzp-ItemURL%26%23039%3B%20href%3D%26%23039%3Bhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Flink.springer.com%5C%2Fchapter%5C%2F10.1007%5C%2F978-3-031-23800-0_33%26%23039%3B%26gt%3BFracture%20Network%20in%20a%20Shale%20Cube%20Hydraulically%20Fractured%20in%20the%20Laboratory%26lt%3B%5C%2Fa%26gt%3B.%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3BAlbum%20of%20Porous%20Media%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%20%28pp.%2045%5Cu201345%29.%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%5Cn%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22bookSection%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Fracture%20Network%20in%20a%20Shale%20Cube%20Hydraulically%20Fractured%20in%20the%20Laboratory%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Mei%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Li%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Earl%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Magsipoc%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Aly%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Abdelaziz%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Johnson%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Ha%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Karl%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Peterson%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Giovanni%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Grasselli%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22%22%2C%22bookTitle%22%3A%22Album%20of%20Porous%20Media%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222023%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22%22%2C%22ISBN%22%3A%22978-3-031-23799-7%20978-3-031-23800-0%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Flink.springer.com%5C%2Fchapter%5C%2F10.1007%5C%2F978-3-031-23800-0_33%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%222GLEUXXE%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222024-03-03T20%3A18%3A18Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22QWFRQARM%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A6575102%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Magsipoc%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222022-09-20%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-bib-body%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bline-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%20%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-entry%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%26lt%3Bstrong%26gt%3BMagsipoc%2C%20E.%26lt%3B%5C%2Fstrong%26gt%3B%2C%20Li%2C%20M.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Grasselli%2C%20G.%20%282022%29.%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3BSee%20The%20Unseen%20%26%23x2013%3B%20High-resolution%20Imaging%20and%20Characterizing%20Laboratory%20Fractures%20in%20Layered%20Anisotropic%20Rocks%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B.%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%5Cn%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22artwork%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22See%20The%20Unseen%20%5Cu2013%20High-resolution%20Imaging%20and%20Characterizing%20Laboratory%20Fractures%20in%20Layered%20Anisotropic%20Rocks%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22artist%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Earl%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Magsipoc%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22artist%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Mei%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Li%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22artist%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Giovanni%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Grasselli%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22%22%2C%22artworkMedium%22%3A%22%22%2C%22artworkSize%22%3A%22%22%2C%22date%22%3A%22September%2020-21%2C%202022%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22YB83CJ36%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222024-03-03T20%3A18%3A21Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22GPJBTXLM%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A6575102%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Li%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222022-08-08%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-bib-body%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bline-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%20%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-entry%26quot%3B%26gt%3BLi%2C%20M.%2C%20%26lt%3Bstrong%26gt%3BMagsipoc%2C%20E.%26lt%3B%5C%2Fstrong%26gt%3B%2C%20Sun%2C%20L.%2C%20Peterson%2C%20K.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Grasselli%2C%20G.%20%282022%29.%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3BHigh-resolution%20Mapping%20and%20Characterization%20of%20Shale%20Fractures%20Hydraulically%20Induced%20in%20the%20Laboratory%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B.%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%5Cn%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22artwork%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22High-resolution%20Mapping%20and%20Characterization%20of%20Shale%20Fractures%20Hydraulically%20Induced%20in%20the%20Laboratory%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22artist%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Mei%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Li%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22artist%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Earl%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Magsipoc%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22artist%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Lei%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Sun%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22artist%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Karl%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Peterson%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22artist%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Giovanni%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Grasselli%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22%22%2C%22artworkMedium%22%3A%22%22%2C%22artworkSize%22%3A%22%22%2C%22date%22%3A%22August%208-10%2C%202022%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22YB83CJ36%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222024-03-03T20%3A18%3A20Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22KD6WLW7G%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A6575102%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Magsipoc%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222022-08-08%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-bib-body%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bline-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%20%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-entry%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%26lt%3Bstrong%26gt%3BMagsipoc%2C%20E.%26lt%3B%5C%2Fstrong%26gt%3B%2C%20Haile%2C%20B.%20F.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Grasselli%2C%20G.%20%282022%29.%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3BImpact%20of%20Layering%20in%20Buckinghorse%20Shale%20on%20Strain%20Measurement%20Using%20Digital%20Image%20Correlation%20%28DIC%29%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B.%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%5Cn%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22artwork%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Impact%20of%20Layering%20in%20Buckinghorse%20Shale%20on%20Strain%20Measurement%20Using%20Digital%20Image%20Correlation%20%28DIC%29%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22artist%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Earl%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Magsipoc%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22artist%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Bezawit%20Fekadu%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Haile%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22artist%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Giovanni%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Grasselli%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22%22%2C%22artworkMedium%22%3A%22%22%2C%22artworkSize%22%3A%22%22%2C%22date%22%3A%22August%208-10%2C%202022%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22YB83CJ36%22%2C%2287XDRD7V%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222024-03-03T20%3A18%3A20Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22VZVV59ZG%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A6575102%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Ossetchkina%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222022-05-15%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-bib-body%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bline-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%20%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-entry%26quot%3B%26gt%3BOssetchkina%2C%20E.%2C%20Popoola%2C%20A.%2C%20Aboayanah%2C%20K.%20R.%2C%20de%20Boer%2C%20T.%2C%20%26lt%3Bstrong%26gt%3BMagsipoc%2C%20E.%26lt%3B%5C%2Fstrong%26gt%3B%2C%20Younes%2C%20J.%2C%20Peterson%2C%20K.%2C%20et%20al.%20%282022%29.%20Automated%20Quantification%20of%20Fracture%20Networks%20in%20Thermally%20Treated%20Granite.%20Presented%20at%20the%2018th%20Euroseminar%20on%20Microscopy%20Applied%20to%20Building%20Materials%2C%20Lille%2C%20France%3A%20EMABM.%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%5Cn%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22conferencePaper%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Automated%20Quantification%20of%20Fracture%20Networks%20in%20Thermally%20Treated%20Granite%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Ekaterina%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Ossetchkina%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Afeez%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Popoola%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Kareem%20Ramzy%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Aboayanah%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Thomas%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22de%20Boer%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Earl%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Magsipoc%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Julie%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Younes%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Karl%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Peterson%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Giovanni%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Grasselli%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22%22%2C%22date%22%3A%22May%2015-18%2C%202022%22%2C%22proceedingsTitle%22%3A%22%22%2C%22conferenceName%22%3A%2218th%20Euroseminar%20on%20Microscopy%20Applied%20to%20Building%20Materials%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%22%22%2C%22ISBN%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22AV9PRCHG%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222024-03-03T20%3A18%3A21Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%225RIJY3MG%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A6575102%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Li%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222021-06-17%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-bib-body%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bline-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-entry%26quot%3B%26gt%3BLi%2C%20M.%2C%20%26lt%3Bstrong%26gt%3BMagsipoc%2C%20E.%26lt%3B%5C%2Fstrong%26gt%3B%2C%20Abdelaziz%2C%20A.%2C%20Ha%2C%20J.%2C%20Peterson%2C%20K.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Grasselli%2C%20G.%20%282021%29.%20%26lt%3Ba%20class%3D%26%23039%3Bzp-ItemURL%26%23039%3B%20href%3D%26%23039%3Bhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1007%5C%2Fs00603-021-02540-w%26%23039%3B%26gt%3BMapping%20Fracture%20Complexity%20of%20Fractured%20Shale%20in%20Laboratory%3A%20Three-dimensional%20Reconstruction%20From%20Serial-section%20Images%26lt%3B%5C%2Fa%26gt%3B.%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3BRock%20Mechanics%20and%20Rock%20Engineering%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%2C%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3B55%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%285%29%2C%202937%5Cu20132948.%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%5Cn%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Mapping%20Fracture%20Complexity%20of%20Fractured%20Shale%20in%20Laboratory%3A%20Three-dimensional%20Reconstruction%20From%20Serial-section%20Images%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Mei%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Li%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Earl%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Magsipoc%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Aly%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Abdelaziz%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Johnson%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Ha%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Karl%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Peterson%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Giovanni%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Grasselli%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22The%20intrinsic%20anisotropy%20of%20sedimentary%20rocks%20such%20as%20shale%2C%20together%20with%20the%20presence%20of%20natural%20fractures%20and%20bedding%20planes%2C%20make%20it%20possible%20for%20hydraulic%20fracturing%20to%20generate%20complex%20fracture%20networks%20in%20unconventional%20hydrocarbon%20formations.%20However%2C%20it%20remains%5Cu00a0unclear%20how%20the%20fluid%20driven%20fractures%20propagate%20and%20how%20those%20newly%20created%20fractures%20interact%20with%20the%20pre-existing%20ones.%20A%20laboratory%20approach%20is%20presented%20in%20this%20paper%20to%20three-dimensionally%20%283D%29%20map%20the%20fracture%20complexity%20of%20a%20hydraulically%20fractured%20shale%20sample.%20The%203D%20fracture%20model%20created%20using%20the%20serial-section%20reconstruction%20approach%20has%20a%20high%20spatial%20resolution%20of%2039%5Cu2009%5Cu00d7%5Cu200939%5Cu2009%5Cu00d7%5Cu200950%5Cu00a0%5Cu00b5m3%2C%20and%20is%20considered%20trustworthy%20based%20on%20the%20geometrical%20similarity%20to%20the%20fracture%20network%20reconstructed%20from%20the%20accessible%20X-ray%20micro-computed%20tomography%20%28micro-CT%29%20at%20a%20lower%20resolution.%20According%20to%20the%203D%20fracture%20model%2C%20the%20fracture%20network%20predominately%20comprises%20of%20pre-existing%20fractures%20further%20opened%20by%20hydraulic%20fracturing%20testing%2C%20which%20significantly%20affects%20the%20whole%20network%20geometry.%20The%20opened%20natural%20fractures%20appear%20rougher%20than%20the%20opened%20bedding%20planes%2C%20indicating%20different%20mechanical%20influences%20on%20fracture%20propagation.%20This%20high-resolution%20fracture%20dataset%20is%20valuable%20not%20only%20for%20the%20investigation%20of%20hydraulic%20fracturing%20mechanisms%2C%20but%20also%20for%20fracture%20aperture%20quantification%20and%20evaluation%20of%20the%20fluid%20transmissivity.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222021-06-17%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1007%5C%2Fs00603-021-02540-w%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%220723-2632%201434-453X%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1007%5C%2Fs00603-021-02540-w%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%227KFK25R5%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222024-03-03T20%3A18%3A25Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%222AYUH5H3%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A6575102%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Magsipoc%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222020-11-03%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-bib-body%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bline-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-entry%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%26lt%3Bstrong%26gt%3BMagsipoc%2C%20E.%26lt%3B%5C%2Fstrong%26gt%3B%2C%20Li%2C%20M.%2C%20Abdelaziz%2C%20A.%2C%20Ha%2C%20J.%2C%20Peterson%2C%20K.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Grasselli%2C%20G.%20%282020%29.%20%26lt%3Ba%20class%3D%26%23039%3Bzp-ItemURL%26%23039%3B%20href%3D%26%23039%3Bhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fonepetro.org%5C%2Farmaigs%5C%2Fproceedings-abstract%5C%2FIGS20%5C%2FAll-IGS20%5C%2FARMA-IGS-20-061%5C%2F459215%26%23039%3B%26gt%3BAnalysis%20of%20the%20Fracture%20Morphologies%20from%20a%20Laboratory%20Hydraulic%20Fracture%20Experiment%20on%20Montney%20Shale%26lt%3B%5C%2Fa%26gt%3B%20%28p.%206%29.%20Presented%20at%20the%20ARMA%5C%2FDGS%5C%2FSEG%20International%20Geomechanics%20Symposium%2C%20ARMA%3A%20American%20Rock%20Mechanics%20Association.%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%5Cn%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22conferencePaper%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Analysis%20of%20the%20Fracture%20Morphologies%20from%20a%20Laboratory%20Hydraulic%20Fracture%20Experiment%20on%20Montney%20Shale%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Earl%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Magsipoc%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Mei%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Li%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Aly%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Abdelaziz%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Johnson%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Ha%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Karl%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Peterson%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Giovanni%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Grasselli%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22ABSTRACT%20The%20serial%20section%20technique%20was%20used%20to%20construct%20a%20high-resolution%20and%20high-quality%20fracture%20network%20image%20stack%20of%20a%20true%20triaxial%20hydraulic%20fracturing%20experiment%20on%20a%20shale%20sample%20from%20the%20Montney%20formation.%20The%20stack%20was%20used%20to%20create%20a%20point%20cloud%20and%20fracture%20surface%20meshes%20that%20were%20used%20for%20fracture%20analysis.%20Fractures%20were%20separated%20by%20subtracting%20the%20fracture%20intersections%20from%20the%20point%20cloud%20then%20applying%20a%20connected%20components%20algorithm%20to%20separate%20them.%20Point%20clouds%20were%20generated%20from%20these%20fractures%20and%20were%20thinned%20to%20achieve%20a%201-voxel%20thickness.%20After%20thinning%2C%20they%20were%20smoothed%20to%20reduce%20the%20aliasing%20effect%20from%20the%20image%20stack%20grid%20structure.%20Fractures%20were%20identified%20as%20either%20a%20bedding%20or%20non-bedding%20fracture%20by%20proxy%20of%20their%20orientation.%20Then%2C%20their%20surfaces%20were%20analyzed%20using%20a%20directional%20roughness%20metric.%20This%20roughness%20metric%20was%20used%20along%20with%20information%20about%20the%20stress%20state%20to%20evaluate%20the%20peak%20shear%20strength%20criterion%20for%20each%20individual%20fracture.%20The%20slipping%20potential%20of%20these%20fractures%20under%20the%20stress%20state%20applied%20by%20the%20true%20triaxial%20frame%20was%20estimated%20by%20the%20ratio%20of%20the%20actual%20shear%20stress%20on%20the%20fracture%20and%20the%20peak%20shear%20strength%20criterion.%201.%20INTRODUCTION%20Hydraulic%20fracturing%20%28HF%29%20creates%20flow%20channels%20either%20by%20opening%20pre-existing%20planes%20of%20weakness%20or%20by%20creating%20new%20ones%20within%20the%20rock%20matrix.%20The%20geometries%20of%20these%20fractures%20differ%20depending%20on%20a%20variety%20of%20influencers%20such%20as%20bedding%2C%20rock%20fabric%2C%20material%20strength%2C%20the%20local%20stress%20environment%2C%20and%20spatial%20heterogeneities%20embedded%20within%20the%20rock%20mass.%20The%20morphologies%20of%20these%20fractures%20can%20provide%20useful%20information%20on%20the%20expected%20fracture%20geometry%20and%20production%20of%20a%20reservoir.%20This%20can%20be%20achieved%20by%20fracture%20geometry%20quantification%20with%20roughness%20metrics%20and%20aperture%20to%20gain%20information%20for%20estimating%20fluid%20resistance%20and%20proppant%20performance.%20However%2C%20this%20information%20is%20not%20easy%20to%20obtain%20from%20the%20field.%20Laboratory%20HF%20experiments%20provide%20useful%20insights%20to%20the%20mechanics%20of%20hydraulic%20fracturing%20performed%20in%20the%20field.%20Because%20they%20are%20physically%20accessible%2C%20the%20fractures%20created%20by%20the%20experiment%20can%20be%20opened%20and%20examined.%20Tan%20et%20al.%20%282017%29%20illustrates%20an%20example%20of%20an%20examination%20of%20the%20fracture%20networks%20of%20multiple%20HF%20experiments%20performed%20under%20true%20triaxial%20stress.%20Their%20experiments%20provided%20insights%20on%20the%20sensitivity%20of%20the%20fracture%20network%20geometry%20to%20fluid%20viscosity%20and%20injection%20rate.%20However%2C%20this%20required%20them%20to%20take%20apart%20the%20sample%20to%20gain%20access%20to%20internal%20fractures.%20While%20they%20were%20only%20interested%20in%20the%20general%20fracture%20structure%2C%20this%20action%20may%20have%20potentially%20lost%20information%20on%20the%20smaller%20fractures%20within%20the%20network.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%22November%203%20-%205%2C%202020%22%2C%22proceedingsTitle%22%3A%22%22%2C%22conferenceName%22%3A%22ARMA%5C%2FDGS%5C%2FSEG%20International%20Geomechanics%20Symposium%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%22%22%2C%22ISBN%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fonepetro.org%5C%2Farmaigs%5C%2Fproceedings-abstract%5C%2FIGS20%5C%2FAll-IGS20%5C%2FARMA-IGS-20-061%5C%2F459215%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22AV9PRCHG%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222024-03-03T20%3A18%3A21Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22RSMA7HJ2%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A6575102%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Li%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222020%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-bib-body%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bline-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-entry%26quot%3B%26gt%3BLi%2C%20M.%2C%20%26lt%3Bstrong%26gt%3BMagsipoc%2C%20E.%26lt%3B%5C%2Fstrong%26gt%3B%2C%20Abdelaziz%2C%20A.%2C%20Ha%2C%20J.%2C%20Guo%2C%20J.%2C%20Peterson%2C%20K.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Grasselli%2C%20G.%20%282020%29.%20%26lt%3Ba%20class%3D%26%23039%3Bzp-ItemURL%26%23039%3B%20href%3D%26%23039%3Bhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fonepetro.org%5C%2FARMAUSRMS%5C%2Fproceedings-abstract%5C%2FARMA20%5C%2FAll-ARMA20%5C%2FARMA-2020-2053%5C%2F447727%26%23039%3B%26gt%3BMapping%20Fracture%20Complexity%20in%20Hydraulically%20Fractured%20Montney%20Shale%20by%20Serial%20Section%20Reconstruction%26lt%3B%5C%2Fa%26gt%3B%20%28p.%209%29.%20Presented%20at%20the%2054th%20U.S.%20Rock%20Mechanics%5C%2FGeomechanics%20Symposium%2C%20ARMA%3A%20American%20Rock%20Mechanics%20Association.%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%5Cn%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22conferencePaper%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Mapping%20Fracture%20Complexity%20in%20Hydraulically%20Fractured%20Montney%20Shale%20by%20Serial%20Section%20Reconstruction%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Mei%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Li%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Earl%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Magsipoc%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Aly%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Abdelaziz%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Johnson%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Ha%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Jianchun%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Guo%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Karl%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Peterson%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Giovanni%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Grasselli%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22ABSTRACT%20Hydraulic%20fracturing%20creates%20highly%20conductive%20flow%20channels%20by%20injecting%20fracturing%20fluid%20at%20high%20pressures.%20A%20complex%20fracture%20network%20is%20generated%20in%20shale%20due%20to%20the%20contribution%20of%20the%20natural%20fractures%2C%20bedding%20planes%20and%20other%20zones%20of%20weakness.%20X-ray%20micro-computed%20tomography%20%28%5Cu03bcCT%29%20has%20been%20used%20to%20visualize%20fracture%20complexity.%20The%20visualization%20accuracy%20is%20limited%20to%20the%20scanning%20resolution%20and%20density%20contrast%20within%20the%20material.%20An%20experimental%20approach%20is%20presented%20in%20this%20paper%20to%20three-dimensionally%20%283D%29%20map%20the%20fracture%20network%20at%20micron%20%28%5Cu03bcm%29%20resolution.%20A%203D%20fracture%20network%20is%20reconstructed%20based%20on%20serial-sectioned%20digital%20images%20of%20a%20shale%20cube%20hydraulically%20fractured%20under%20true-triaxial%20conditions.%20The%20hydraulic%20fractures%20are%20identified%20as%20opened%20natural%20fractures%2C%20activated%20bedding%20planes%2C%20and%20newly%20generated%20hydraulic%20fractures.%20Activated%20bedding%20planes%20represent%20the%20majority%20of%20hydraulic%20fractures%2C%20which%20significantly%20contributes%20to%20the%20lateral%20growth%20of%20the%20fracture%20geometry.%20Rough%20and%20crooked%20natural%20fracture%20planes%20can%20be%20observed.%20On%20the%20contrary%2C%20the%20activated%20bedding%20planes%20are%20smooth%20and%20relatively%20straight.%20This%20fracture%20mapping%20method%20can%20also%20be%20applied%20to%20quantitatively%20study%20fracture%20aperture%20to%20ultimately%20improve%20the%20conductivity%20prediction%20of%20the%20fracture%20network.%201.%20INTRODUCTION%20Hydraulic%20fracturing%20creates%20highly%20conductive%20flow%20channels%20in%20low-permeability%20reservoirs%20by%20injecting%20fracturing%20fluid%20at%20high%20pressures%20to%20stimulate%20reservoir%20production.%20The%20complexity%20of%20the%20fracture%20network%20created%20by%20hydraulic%20fracturing%20in%20shale%20is%20a%20result%20of%20the%20interference%20between%20the%20hydraulically%20induced%20fractures%20and%20the%20existing%20weak%20planes%2C%20such%20as%20bedding%20planes%20and%20natural%20fractures.%20Increasing%20the%20stimulated%20reservoir%20volume%20%28SRV%29%20or%20enhancing%20the%20complexity%20of%20the%20fracture%20network%20can%20be%20beneficial%20to%20improve%20production.%20Understanding%20the%20fracturing%20mechanism%20by%20studying%20the%20fracture%20complexity%20is%20of%20vital%20importance%20to%20hydraulic%20fracturing%20design%20and%20to%20enhance%20production.%20A%20variety%20of%20destructive%20and%20non-destructive%20experimental%20methods%20%28Ramandi%20et%20al.%2C%202017%3B%20Tan%20et%20al.%2C%202017%29%20have%20been%20used%20for%20studying%20fracture%20complexity%20in%20rock%20mass.%20The%20non-destructive%20observational%20method%20%5Cu03bcCT%20has%20advantages%20in%20mapping%20the%20fracture%20complexity%20over%20destructive%20methods.%20However%2C%20visualization%20of%20the%20fracture%20network%20in%20large%20samples%20can%20be%20problematic.%20The%20problem%20arises%20from%20the%20compromise%20between%20the%20resolution%20of%20acquired%20images%20using%20the%20%5Cu03bcCT%20and%20capturing%20a%20representative%20field%20of%20view%20%28FOV%29%20of%20the%20sample.%20Capturing%20a%20large%20FOV%20means%20that%20micron-scale%20fractures%20are%20represented%20by%20only%20a%20few%20voxels%20in%20the%20direction%20normal%20to%20the%20fractures%20and%20in%20some%20cases%20they%20are%20sub-resolution.%20Additionally%2C%20existing%20weak%20planes%20that%20exhibit%20low%20density%20contrast%20to%20the%20rock%20matrix%20may%20be%20misconstrued%20as%20fractures%20during%20the%20process%20of%20image%20segmentation.%20To%20overcome%20these%20two%20limitations%20of%20relying%20solely%20on%20%5Cu03bcCT%20to%20capture%20fracture%20complexity%20in%20large%20samples%2C%20an%20experimental%20method%20is%20proposed%20in%20this%20paper%20to%20three-dimensionally%20%283D%29%20map%20the%20fracture%20network%20at%20micron%20%28%5Cu03bcm%29%20resolution%20utilizing%20the%20idea%20of%20serial%20section%20reconstruction.%20The%20method%20of%203D%20reconstruction%20of%20serial%20section%20has%20been%20successfully%20used%20in%20medicine%20and%20biology%20for%20centuries%20since%20its%20first%20applications%20in%20embryology%20%28Levinthal%20and%20Ware%2C%201972%29.%20To%20the%20authors%20knowledge%2C%20this%20is%20the%20first%20time%20this%20method%20is%20being%20applied%20to%20reconstruct%20the%20fracture%20geometry%20in%20a%20hydraulically%20fractured%20shale%20sample.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222020%22%2C%22proceedingsTitle%22%3A%22%22%2C%22conferenceName%22%3A%2254th%20U.S.%20Rock%20Mechanics%5C%2FGeomechanics%20Symposium%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%22%22%2C%22ISBN%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fonepetro.org%5C%2FARMAUSRMS%5C%2Fproceedings-abstract%5C%2FARMA20%5C%2FAll-ARMA20%5C%2FARMA-2020-2053%5C%2F447727%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22AV9PRCHG%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222024-03-03T20%3A18%3A31Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22YTCPIIDW%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A6575102%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Magsipoc%20and%20Grasselli%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222020%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-bib-body%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bline-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-entry%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%26lt%3Bstrong%26gt%3BMagsipoc%2C%20E.%26lt%3B%5C%2Fstrong%26gt%3B%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Grasselli%2C%20G.%20%282020%29.%20%26lt%3Ba%20class%3D%26%23039%3Bzp-ItemURL%26%23039%3B%20href%3D%26%23039%3Bhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fonepetro.org%5C%2FARMAUSRMS%5C%2Fproceedings-abstract%5C%2FARMA20%5C%2FAll-ARMA20%5C%2FARMA-2020-1463%5C%2F447620%26%23039%3B%26gt%3BDescribing%20the%20Fracture%20Process%20Using%20Surface%20Roughness%20Parameters%26lt%3B%5C%2Fa%26gt%3B%20%28p.%209%29.%20Presented%20at%20the%2054th%20U.S.%20Rock%20Mechanics%5C%2FGeomechanics%20Symposium%2C%20ARMA%3A%20American%20Rock%20Mechanics%20Association.%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%5Cn%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22conferencePaper%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Describing%20the%20Fracture%20Process%20Using%20Surface%20Roughness%20Parameters%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Earl%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Magsipoc%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Giovanni%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Grasselli%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22ABSTRACT%20The%20fracture%20process%20zone%20encodes%20information%20in%20the%20surfaces%20it%20leaves%20behind%2C%20which%20may%20be%20decoded%20to%20reveal%20the%20fracture%20mechanism.%20In%20order%20to%20quantitatively%20relate%20the%20surface%20topography%20to%20fracture%20mechanics%2C%20the%20directional%20roughness%20metric%20is%20proposed%20to%20describe%20the%20grooves%20left%20behind%20by%20the%20fracture%20process.%20A%20partitioning%20method%20is%20proposed%20to%20localize%20the%20perspective%20of%20roughness%20analysis%20and%20reassemble%20it%20into%20a%20form%20that%20permits%20further%20interpretation%20of%20the%20roughness%20of%20local%20features.%20The%20minimum%20directional%20roughness%20is%20shown%20to%20follow%20the%20propagation%20path%20and%20the%20maximum%20directional%20roughness%20measures%20the%20intensity%20of%20the%20grooves.%20Its%20application%20on%20various%20indirect%20tensile%20fractures%20show%20that%20this%20method%20can%20quantitatively%20describe%20the%20surface%20left%20behind%20by%20the%20fracture.%20A%20positive%20correlation%20was%20found%20between%20the%20strain%20energy%20release%20rate%20%28GIC%29%20and%20the%20maximum%20directional%20roughness%20metric.%20This%20relationship%20can%20suggest%20that%20the%20local%20maximum%20directional%20roughness%20calculated%20by%20the%20surface%20roughness%20partitioning%20method%20can%20reflect%20the%20stress%20intensity%20factor%20%28KIC%29%20during%20fracture.%201.%20INTRODUCTION%20Brittle%20fractures%20produce%20characteristic%20patterns%20that%20appear%20to%20have%20a%20relationship%20with%20the%20fracturing%20process%20that%20create%20them.%20This%20can%20potentially%20be%20another%20source%20of%20information%20that%20can%20improve%20the%20characterization%20of%20materials.%20Roughness%20characterization%20is%20proposed%20as%20a%20method%20of%20quantifying%20the%20surface%20characteristics%20of%20a%20produced%20fracture.%20However%2C%20an%20understanding%20of%20brittle%20fracture%20mechanics%20and%20current%20knowledge%20on%20fracture%20topography%20must%20be%20established%20before%20attempting%20to%20investigate%20this%20relationship.%20Classical%20linear-elastic%20fracture%20mechanics%20%28LEFM%29%20starts%20with%20Griffith%26%23039%3Bs%20crack%20theory%20%28Griffith%2C%201921%29.%20Materials%20carry%20pre-existing%20crack%20defects%20that%20only%20start%20to%20grow%20once%20a%20critical%20stress%20is%20reached.%20The%20presence%20of%20these%20cracks%20is%20important%20for%20the%20initiation%20of%20failure.%20Although%20the%20failure%20process%20starts%20when%20these%20cracks%20start%20opening%2C%20material%20rupture%20still%20requires%20additional%20stress.%20Irwin%2C%20in%201960%2C%20proposed%20the%20concept%20of%20a%20stress%20region%20around%20the%20fracture%20tip%2C%20the%20intensity%20of%20which%20is%20described%20using%20the%20stress%20intensity%20factor%20%28K%29.%20Irwin%20also%20defined%20stable%20and%20unstable%20fracture%20modes%20which%20is%20differentiated%20by%20K%20crossing%20a%20critical%20threshold%20%28KC%29.%20These%20values%20can%20be%20individually%20defined%20for%20the%20tensile%2C%20shear%2C%20and%20tearing%20modes%20of%20fracture.%20In%20this%20work%2C%20KI%20and%20KIC%20are%20used%20to%20represent%20the%20tensile%20stress%20intensity%20factor%20and%20critical%20stress%20intensity%20factor%2C%20respectively.%20Stable%20fracture%20describes%20the%20state%20of%20fracture%20growth%20where%20it%20requires%20additional%20load%20to%20propagate.%20Unstable%20fracture%20describes%20the%20phenomenon%20where%20the%20fracture%20tip%20requires%20no%20additional%20load%20to%20propagate%20and%20ultimately%20the%20material%20experiences%20uncontrollable%20rupture.%20Bieniawski%2C%20%281967%29%2C%20later%20proved%20the%20applicability%20of%20Irwin%26%23039%3Bs%20concepts%20to%20rock%20fractures%20by%20describing%20the%20stages%20of%20failure%20according%20to%20LEFM.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222020%22%2C%22proceedingsTitle%22%3A%22%22%2C%22conferenceName%22%3A%2254th%20U.S.%20Rock%20Mechanics%5C%2FGeomechanics%20Symposium%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%22%22%2C%22ISBN%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fonepetro.org%5C%2FARMAUSRMS%5C%2Fproceedings-abstract%5C%2FARMA20%5C%2FAll-ARMA20%5C%2FARMA-2020-1463%5C%2F447620%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22AV9PRCHG%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222024-03-03T20%3A18%3A21Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22JLWHK347%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A6575102%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Magsipoc%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222019-10-10%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-bib-body%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bline-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%20%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-entry%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%26lt%3Bstrong%26gt%3BMagsipoc%2C%20E.%26lt%3B%5C%2Fstrong%26gt%3B%2C%20Zhao%2C%20Q.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Grasselli%2C%20G.%20%282019%29.%202D%20and%203D%20Roughness%20Characterization.%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3BRock%20Mechanics%20and%20Rock%20Engineering%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%2C%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3B53%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%283%29%2C%201495%26%23x2013%3B1519.%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%5Cn%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%222D%20and%203D%20Roughness%20Characterization%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Earl%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Magsipoc%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Qi%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Zhao%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Giovanni%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Grasselli%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22The%20quantification%20of%20surface%20roughness%20for%20the%20purpose%20of%20linking%20its%20effect%20to%20mechanical%20and%20hydrodynamic%20behavior%20has%20taken%20many%20different%20forms.%20In%20this%20paper%2C%20we%20present%20a%20thorough%20review%20of%20commonly%20used%202D%20and%203D%20surface%20roughness%20characterization%20methods%2C%20categorized%20as%20statistical%2C%20fractal%2C%20and%20directional.%20Statistical%20methods%20are%20further%20subdivided%20into%20parametric%20and%20functional%20methods%20that%20yield%20a%20single%20value%20and%20function%20to%20evaluate%20roughness%2C%20respectively.%20These%20statistical%20roughness%20metrics%20are%20useful%20as%20their%20resultant%20outputs%20can%20be%20used%20in%20estimating%20shear%20and%20flow%20behavior%20in%20fractures.%20Fractal%20characterization%20methods%20treat%20rough%20surfaces%20and%20profiles%20as%20fractal%20objects%20to%20provide%20parameters%20that%20characterize%20roughness%20at%20different%20scales.%20The%20directional%20characterization%20method%20encompasses%20an%20approach%20more%20closely%20linked%20to%20shear%20strength%20and%20is%20more%20suitable%20for%20estimating%20the%20influence%20of%20fracture%20roughness%20on%20mechanical%20responses.%20Overall%2C%20roughness%20characterization%20methods%20provide%20an%20effective%20objective%20measure%20of%20surface%20texture%20that%20describe%20its%20influence%20on%20the%20mechanics%20of%20surfaces%20without%20requiring%20qualitative%20description.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222019%20October%2010%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1007%5C%2Fs00603-019-01977-4%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%220723-2632%201434-453X%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%227KFK25R5%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222024-03-03T20%3A18%3A25Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22N99NM9VZ%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A6575102%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Magsipoc%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222019-10-03%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-bib-body%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bline-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%20%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-entry%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%26lt%3Bstrong%26gt%3BMagsipoc%2C%20E.%26lt%3B%5C%2Fstrong%26gt%3B%2C%20Zhou%2C%20H.%2C%20Li%2C%20M.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Grasselli%2C%20G.%20%282019%29.%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3BShear%20Dilation%20and%20Fluid%20Transmissivity%20of%20Rock%20Fractures%20Based%20on%20Quantified%20Surface%20Description%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B.%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%5Cn%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22artwork%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Shear%20Dilation%20and%20Fluid%20Transmissivity%20of%20Rock%20Fractures%20Based%20on%20Quantified%20Surface%20Description%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22artist%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Earl%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Magsipoc%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22artist%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Hongyuan%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Zhou%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22artist%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Mei%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Li%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22artist%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Giovanni%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Grasselli%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22%22%2C%22artworkMedium%22%3A%22%22%2C%22artworkSize%22%3A%22%22%2C%22date%22%3A%22October%203%20-%204%2C%202019%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22YB83CJ36%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222024-03-03T20%3A18%3A26Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22RBBKVN77%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A6575102%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Li%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222019-10-03%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-bib-body%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bline-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%20%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-entry%26quot%3B%26gt%3BLi%2C%20M.%2C%20%26lt%3Bstrong%26gt%3BMagsipoc%2C%20E.%26lt%3B%5C%2Fstrong%26gt%3B%2C%20Abdelaziz%2C%20A.%2C%20Ha%2C%20J.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Grasselli%2C%20G.%20%282019%29.%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3BMapping%20Fracture%20Complexity%20in%20Shale%20Rock%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B.%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%5Cn%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22artwork%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Mapping%20Fracture%20Complexity%20in%20Shale%20Rock%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22artist%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Mei%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Li%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22artist%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Earl%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Magsipoc%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22artist%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Aly%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Abdelaziz%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22artist%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Johnson%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Ha%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22artist%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Giovanni%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Grasselli%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22%22%2C%22artworkMedium%22%3A%22%22%2C%22artworkSize%22%3A%22%22%2C%22date%22%3A%22October%203%20-%204%2C%202019%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22YB83CJ36%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222024-03-03T20%3A18%3A26Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%2223T2TW34%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A6575102%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Magsipoc%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222019%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-bib-body%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bline-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-entry%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%26lt%3Bstrong%26gt%3BMagsipoc%2C%20E.%26lt%3B%5C%2Fstrong%26gt%3B%20%282019%29.%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3B%26lt%3Ba%20class%3D%26%23039%3Bzp-ItemURL%26%23039%3B%20href%3D%26%23039%3Bhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Ftspace.library.utoronto.ca%5C%2Fhandle%5C%2F1807%5C%2F98182%26%23039%3B%26gt%3BQuantifying%20the%20Fracture%20Process%20using%20Surface%20Roughness%20Parameters%26lt%3B%5C%2Fa%26gt%3B%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%20%28MASc%20Thesis%29.%20University%20of%20Toronto.%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%5Cn%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22thesis%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Quantifying%20the%20Fracture%20Process%20using%20Surface%20Roughness%20Parameters%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Earl%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Magsipoc%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22%22%2C%22thesisType%22%3A%22MASc%20Thesis%22%2C%22university%22%3A%22University%20of%20Toronto%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222019%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Ftspace.library.utoronto.ca%5C%2Fhandle%5C%2F1807%5C%2F98182%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22GIKCREZ4%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222024-03-03T20%3A18%3A31Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22CJ8DPCBX%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A6575102%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Magsipoc%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222018-05-30%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-bib-body%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bline-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%20%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-entry%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%26lt%3Bstrong%26gt%3BMagsipoc%2C%20E.%26lt%3B%5C%2Fstrong%26gt%3B%2C%20Yang%2C%20Z.%2C%20Hui%2C%20G.%2C%20Lim%2C%20M.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Becerra%2C%20D.%20%282018%29.%20Managing%20Orphan%20Wells%20in%20Alberta%2C%20Canada.%20Presented%20at%20the%20University%20of%20Calgary%20CREATE%20ReDeveLoP%20Annual%20Innovation%20Program%2C%20Calgary%2C%20Alberta.%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%5Cn%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22conferencePaper%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Managing%20Orphan%20Wells%20in%20Alberta%2C%20Canada.%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Earl%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Magsipoc%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Zhengru%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Yang%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Gang%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Hui%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Michael%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Lim%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Daniela%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Becerra%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22%22%2C%22date%22%3A%22April%2030%20-%20May%204%2C%202018%22%2C%22proceedingsTitle%22%3A%22%22%2C%22conferenceName%22%3A%22University%20of%20Calgary%20CREATE%20ReDeveLoP%20Annual%20Innovation%20Program%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%22%22%2C%22ISBN%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22AV9PRCHG%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222024-03-03T20%3A18%3A30Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%222Z6XXY2Z%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A6575102%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Magsipoc%20and%20Grasselli%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222018-05-07%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-bib-body%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bline-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%20%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-entry%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%26lt%3Bstrong%26gt%3BMagsipoc%2C%20E.%26lt%3B%5C%2Fstrong%26gt%3B%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Grasselli%2C%20G.%20%282018%29.%20Simulation%20of%20rock%20fragmentation%20by%20TBM%26%23xA0%3Bdisc%20cutter%20using%20the%20hybrid%20finite-discrete%20element%20method.%20Presented%20at%20the%20Geoconvention%202018%2C%20Calgary.%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%5Cn%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22conferencePaper%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Simulation%20of%20rock%20fragmentation%20by%20TBM%5Cu00a0disc%20cutter%20using%20the%20hybrid%20finite-discrete%20element%20method%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Earl%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Magsipoc%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Giovanni%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Grasselli%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22%22%2C%22date%22%3A%22May%207%20-%209%2C%202018%22%2C%22proceedingsTitle%22%3A%22%22%2C%22conferenceName%22%3A%22Geoconvention%202018%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%22%22%2C%22ISBN%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22AV9PRCHG%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222024-03-03T20%3A18%3A30Z%22%7D%7D%5D%7D
Abdelaziz, A., Wu, P. S.-Y., Li, M., Magsipoc, E., Peterson, K., & Grasselli, G. (2023). Understanding shale fracture network complexity in the laboratory. In W. Schubert & A. Kluckner (Eds.), 15th ISRM Congress 2023 & 72nd Geomechanics Colloquium (pp. 2152–2157). Presented at the 15th ISRM Congress 2023 & 72nd Geomechanics Colloquium, Salzburg, Austria: Schubert & Kluckner.
Abdelaziz, A., Wu, P. S.-Y., Li, M., Magsipoc, E., Peterson, K., & Grasselli, G. (2023). Understanding Shale Fracture Network Complexity in the Laboratory (Vol. All Days, p. 6). Presented at the 15th ISRM Congress, ISRM-15CONGRESS-2023-359.
Magsipoc, E., & Grasselli, G. (2023). A local surface roughness mapping method for post-failure interpretation of brittle fracture propagation. International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences, 172.
Abdelaziz, A., Ha, J., Li, M., Magsipoc, E., Sun, L., & Grasselli, G. (2023). Understanding hydraulic fracture mechanisms: From the laboratory to numerical modelling. Advances in Geo-Energy Research, 7(1), 66–68.
Li, M., Magsipoc, E., Abdelaziz, A., Ha, J., Peterson, K., & Grasselli, G. (2023). Fracture Network in a Shale Cube Hydraulically Fractured in the Laboratory. Album of Porous Media (pp. 45–45).
Magsipoc, E., Li, M., & Grasselli, G. (2022). See The Unseen – High-resolution Imaging and Characterizing Laboratory Fractures in Layered Anisotropic Rocks.
Li, M., Magsipoc, E., Sun, L., Peterson, K., & Grasselli, G. (2022). High-resolution Mapping and Characterization of Shale Fractures Hydraulically Induced in the Laboratory.
Magsipoc, E., Haile, B. F., & Grasselli, G. (2022). Impact of Layering in Buckinghorse Shale on Strain Measurement Using Digital Image Correlation (DIC).
Ossetchkina, E., Popoola, A., Aboayanah, K. R., de Boer, T., Magsipoc, E., Younes, J., Peterson, K., et al. (2022). Automated Quantification of Fracture Networks in Thermally Treated Granite. Presented at the 18th Euroseminar on Microscopy Applied to Building Materials, Lille, France: EMABM.
Li, M., Magsipoc, E., Abdelaziz, A., Ha, J., Peterson, K., & Grasselli, G. (2021). Mapping Fracture Complexity of Fractured Shale in Laboratory: Three-dimensional Reconstruction From Serial-section Images. Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering, 55(5), 2937–2948.
Magsipoc, E., Li, M., Abdelaziz, A., Ha, J., Peterson, K., & Grasselli, G. (2020). Analysis of the Fracture Morphologies from a Laboratory Hydraulic Fracture Experiment on Montney Shale (p. 6). Presented at the ARMA/DGS/SEG International Geomechanics Symposium, ARMA: American Rock Mechanics Association.
Li, M., Magsipoc, E., Abdelaziz, A., Ha, J., Guo, J., Peterson, K., & Grasselli, G. (2020). Mapping Fracture Complexity in Hydraulically Fractured Montney Shale by Serial Section Reconstruction (p. 9). Presented at the 54th U.S. Rock Mechanics/Geomechanics Symposium, ARMA: American Rock Mechanics Association.
Magsipoc, E., & Grasselli, G. (2020). Describing the Fracture Process Using Surface Roughness Parameters (p. 9). Presented at the 54th U.S. Rock Mechanics/Geomechanics Symposium, ARMA: American Rock Mechanics Association.
Magsipoc, E., Zhao, Q., & Grasselli, G. (2019). 2D and 3D Roughness Characterization. Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering, 53(3), 1495–1519.
Magsipoc, E., Zhou, H., Li, M., & Grasselli, G. (2019). Shear Dilation and Fluid Transmissivity of Rock Fractures Based on Quantified Surface Description.
Li, M., Magsipoc, E., Abdelaziz, A., Ha, J., & Grasselli, G. (2019). Mapping Fracture Complexity in Shale Rock.
Magsipoc, E. (2019). Quantifying the Fracture Process using Surface Roughness Parameters (MASc Thesis). University of Toronto.
Magsipoc, E., Yang, Z., Hui, G., Lim, M., & Becerra, D. (2018). Managing Orphan Wells in Alberta, Canada. Presented at the University of Calgary CREATE ReDeveLoP Annual Innovation Program, Calgary, Alberta.
Magsipoc, E., & Grasselli, G. (2018). Simulation of rock fragmentation by TBM disc cutter using the hybrid finite-discrete element method. Presented at the Geoconvention 2018, Calgary.